To add staged change use git add, git add *, git add. This adds the change(s) to Git’s index which means that they are staged, but not committed. To stage changes that you’ve made to your working copy you use commands like git add, git add *, and git rm. HEAD is simply a pointer to the last commit you made. You’re going to run across the term HEAD fairly often when using Git. Staged means that the file has been changed (which includes moves, deletes, and new files) and has been marked in the index to go as a part of your next commit. Modified means that the file has changed, but those changes have not been committed. Committed just means that the file hasn’t changed. Okay, so a version control system is all about keeping track of changes, right? Well, with Git there are three states that a file can be in when it comes to Git modified, staged, and committed. git folder as the VCS server and the folder that contains the. If you come from a centralized (or client-server) version control system like CVS or Perforce you can think of the. git sub-folder? That’s a single checkout from your Git database that’s been put in your working folder. In that database is everything Git knows about the files, branches, and history of everything. It’s merely a folder that has been initialized for Git. git folder in it that contains the goodies Git needs to keep track of things. RepositoriesĪ Git repository is nothing more than a folder that has been initialized using git init and therefore contains a. They’re in the INI file format and are quite easy to change. gitignore which is generally found in each repository. gitignore_global which are usually in your home folder (or in %USERPROFILE% on Windows) and. The ones you’ll generally be concerned with are. Git uses dotfiles (literally, files with names that begin with a full stop a.k.a., “period” or “dot”) to store configuration values. Oh, and the notion that GitHub is just a graphical interface for Git? Just ignore that. Do yourself a huge favor, however, and learn the tool then learn the other goodies. Are those available? Sure! They’re out there. Seriously, learning Git means learning Git which is not a pretty graphical interface. Typing simple commands on a ( gasp) command line is difficult? If that’s the case for you then perhaps you should visit your guidance counselor and talk about an exciting career in TV and VCR repair. This can be a difficult proposition for modern computer users. “The problem with Git is that it’s so ancient that we have to use the command line or Terminal if you’re a Mac user in order to access it, typing in snippets of code like ‘90s hackers. I found this quote regarding Git recently: Using a distribution that doesn’t have a package manager or you’re not familiar with how to install software on your Linux computer? Well, you’re probably used to reading HOWTO documents already so… do that. You probably already have Git, but if not then it’s certainly easy to find thanks to your distribution’s package manager ( apt-get, rpm, or whatever). LinuxĬongratulations! The architect of your operating system is also the guy that created Git so you’re off to a great start. You can download the latest from the Git download page or, if you prefer, use a tool like Homebrew to install it and stay up to date. However, the version you have is likely pretty outdated. OS XĬongratulations! You already have Git. Of course, you can also just install from the Git download page. If you prefer to spend your time in PowerShell you’ll probably prefer posh-git. My personal preference is to use Git for Windows as it provides a pretty decent BASH implementation, a decent Git GUI (if you’re in to that kind of thing), and shell integration. There are several approaches to installing Git on Windows. It won’t come as much of a surprise to learn that in order to use Git you’ll need to have it installed on your computer. Better yet, send me a pull request on how this could be made better. On the other hand, if you have a complete mastery of when rebasing makes sense and under what circumstances a forced push is useful then TL DR and move on. Groovy! That makes you just like every other Git user at some point in their lives. Great! However, you’re still a bit confused about how it all works and what you should be doing. Okay, let’s assume you’ve used version control systems before and perhaps you’ve even used Git.
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